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Quebec Profile

Quebec's population is 8,501,833, up 4.1% since 2016. The largest cities are Montréal (1,762,949), Québec (549,459), and Laval (438,366).

Income, age, households, education, commute, occupation, industry, and a full population-by-city list for Quebec are below.

National Rank:2 of 10
Level:Province

Consumer Price Index

Quebec

All-items index for September 2026, up 3.1% from September 2025, calculated from the published index (2002=100). This is the Statistics Canada series for Quebec.

All-items
167.7
12-month change
+3.1%
Food
201.0+2.3% in 12 months

Source: Statistics Canada table 18-10-0004-01, reference month September 2026 (2002=100). Compare consumer prices across Canada. Data sources.

Quebec Population

Total Population (2021)
8,501,833
Total Population (2016)
8,164,361
Population Growth
+4.1% (+337,472)
Growth Rank
#7 of 10Same geo level
Male
49.4%4,201,960
Female
50.6%4,299,870
Male-to-Female Ratio
0.977
Average Age
42.8
Median Age
43.2
Age Rank
#5 of 10Same geo level

Population Age Distribution

0–4
422,980(5.0%)
5–9
478,955(5.6%)
10–14
489,425(5.8%)
15–19
429,400(5.1%)
20–24
460,660(5.4%)
25–29
527,150(6.2%)
30–34
536,040(6.3%)
35–39
550,425(6.5%)
40–44
572,565(6.7%)
45–49
516,465(6.1%)
50–54
522,935(6.2%)
55–59
615,690(7.2%)
60–64
625,610(7.4%)
65–69
541,970(6.4%)
70–74
455,900(5.4%)
75–79
330,840(3.9%)
80–84
210,405(2.5%)
85+
214,415(2.5%)

Quebec Households

Household Size

Average Household Size
2.2
Total Private Dwellings
4,050,164
Occupied Private Dwellings
3,749,035

Size Distribution

1 Person
1,317,505 (35.1%)
2 Persons
1,295,730 (34.6%)
3 Persons
480,135 (12.8%)
4 Persons
427,605 (11.4%)
5+ Persons
228,060 (6.1%)

Household Composition

Couples with children
851,835(22.7%)
Couples without children
982,260(26.2%)
One-parent families
331,395(8.8%)
One-person households
1,317,505(35.1%)
Multigenerational
50,790(1.4%)
Multiple-family
9,225(0.2%)

Quebec Incomes

Summary

Avg. Household Income
$75,200After tax
Median Household Income
$63,200After tax
Avg. Individual Income
$41,840After tax
Median Individual Income
$36,400After tax
Income Rank
#7 of 10Same geo level

Income Composition

Market Income
79.8%
Employment Income
65.4%
Government Transfers
20.1%

Individual Income Distribution

Under $10k
462,400(6.9%)
$10k–$20k
809,375(12.0%)
$20k–$30k
1,124,265(16.7%)
$30k–$40k
896,520(13.3%)
$40k–$50k
849,005(12.6%)
$50k–$60k
687,020(10.2%)
$60k–$70k
503,110(7.5%)
$70k–$80k
367,455(5.5%)
$80k–$90k
284,690(4.2%)
$90k–$100k
198,140(2.9%)
$100k+
556,780(8.3%)

Quebec Employment

Labour Force

Employment Rate
59.3%
Unemployment Rate
7.6%
Total Labour Force
4,435,465
Employed
4,100,450
Unemployed
335,015
Not in Labour Force
2,483,265

Low Income Prevalence

Overall Low-Income Rate
11.9%
Children (0–17)
9.7%
Adults (18–64)
10.2%
Seniors (65+)
19.8%
Gini Coefficient (Total)
0.3280 = perfect equality
Gini Coefficient (After-Tax)
0.280

Quebec Education

Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 and over, Census 2021. The highest-credential groups are mutually exclusive. Bachelor's degree, master's degree, and medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine sit inside “bachelor's degree or higher” and are not extra slices of the population. Shares are calculated on this site from the published counts. Statistics Canada randomly rounds census counts, so parts can miss the published total by a few people.

Highest credential

Population aged 15 and over
6,918,730
No certificate, diploma or degree
1,256,550 (18.2%)
High school diploma or equivalency
1,482,020 (21.4%)
Postsecondary credential
4,180,150 (60.4%)

Within bachelor's degree or higher

Bachelor's degree
1,011,695 (14.6%)62.1% of bachelor's or higher
Master's degree
360,795 (5.2%)22.1% of bachelor's or higher
Medicine, dentistry or veterinary medicine
43,755 (0.6%)2.7% of bachelor's or higher

Those credentials are published parts of bachelor's degree or higher. They do not add up to that count. Earned doctorates and other university credentials above the bachelor level stay inside the published total and are not separate columns in this extract.

Share of the population aged 15 and over

No certificate, diploma or degree
1,256,550(18.2%)
High school diploma or equivalency
1,482,020(21.4%)
Apprenticeship or trades certificate
1,096,360(15.8%)
College, CEGEP or other non-university
1,202,040(17.4%)
University certificate below bachelor
252,815(3.7%)
Bachelor's degree or higher
1,628,940(23.5%)

Quebec Commute

Place of work for the employed labour force aged 15 and over, Census 2021. Worked at home is the census count of people who worked at home, shown as a share of that employed labour force. Shares are calculated on this site from the published counts. Statistics Canada randomly rounds census counts, so parts can miss the published total by a few people.

Worked at home

21.9%

897,770 people

Share of 4,100,450 employed people aged 15 and over with a place of work.

Place of work

Worked at home
897,770(21.9%)
Usual place of work
2,752,285(67.1%)
No fixed workplace address
442,035(10.8%)
Worked outside Canada
8,355(0.2%)

Quebec Occupation

Broad category for the labour force aged 15 and over, Census 2021, using the National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021. Legislative and senior management is broad category 0, not every job with “manager” in the title. Shares use the published labour-force total. These categories do not add up to that total. Counts are randomly rounded, and people with no classified category stay in the published total. This page does not estimate that remainder.

Labour force
4,435,460

Share of the labour force

Legislative and senior management
79,745(1.8%)
Business, finance and administration
778,905(17.6%)
Natural and applied sciences
360,495(8.1%)
Health
359,665(8.1%)
Education, law and social, community and government services
558,725(12.6%)
Art, culture, recreation and sport
146,560(3.3%)
Sales and service
1,064,155(24.0%)
Trades, transport and equipment operators
702,290(15.8%)
Natural resources, agriculture and related production
86,625(2.0%)
Manufacturing and utilities
207,740(4.7%)

Quebec Industry

Industry sector for the labour force aged 15 and over, Census 2021. Shares use the published labour-force total. These categories do not add up to that total. Counts are randomly rounded, and people with no classified category stay in the published total. This page does not estimate that remainder.

Labour force
4,435,460

Share of the labour force

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting
79,050(1.8%)
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction
24,890(0.6%)
Utilities
31,005(0.7%)
Construction
296,035(6.7%)
Manufacturing
449,115(10.1%)
Wholesale trade
147,340(3.3%)
Retail trade
514,090(11.6%)
Transportation and warehousing
209,445(4.7%)
Information and cultural industries
94,130(2.1%)
Finance and insurance
169,985(3.8%)
Real estate and rental and leasing
63,030(1.4%)
Professional, scientific and technical services
345,345(7.8%)
Management of companies and enterprises
5,605(0.1%)
Administrative and support, waste management and remediation
171,345(3.9%)
Educational services
340,885(7.7%)
Health care and social assistance
617,200(13.9%)
Arts, entertainment and recreation
72,700(1.6%)
Accommodation and food services
232,480(5.2%)
Other services (except public administration)
190,470(4.3%)
Public administration
290,765(6.6%)

Quebec Languages

Language Knowledge

English Only
445,575 (5.3%)
French Only
3,980,275 (47.3%)
English & French
3,898,980 (46.4%)
Neither
82,075 (1.0%)

Mother Tongue

English
639,365 (7.6%)
French
6,291,440 (74.8%)
Non-official languages
1,167,550 (13.9%)

Top Mother Tongue Languages

French
6,291,440(74.8%)
English
639,365(7.6%)
Arabic
198,785(2.4%)
Spanish
177,155(2.1%)
Italian
90,940(1.1%)
Mandarin
57,445(0.7%)
Portuguese
41,545(0.5%)
Persian
35,615(0.4%)
Greek
34,080(0.4%)
Russian
31,700(0.4%)

Quebec Dwellings

Dwelling Type

Single-detached
1,671,920(44.6%)
Semi-detached
199,080(5.3%)
Row house
98,625(2.6%)
Duplex
271,245(7.2%)
Apt. < 5 storeys
1,242,910(33.2%)
Apt. ≥ 5 storeys
225,745(6.0%)
Other attached
15,745(0.4%)
Movable
23,760(0.6%)

Quebec housing

Tenure and monthly shelter costs for Quebec from the 2021 Census (reference period 2021), tables 98-10-0252-01 and 98-10-0253-01. Shares are calculated on this site from the published household counts.

Tenure

Private households
3,720,980
Owner households
2,227,470 (59.9%)
Renter households
1,493,505 (40.1%)
Owners with a mortgage
1,386,380 (62.2%)Share of owner households
Owners without a mortgage
841,085 (37.8%)Share of owner households
Renters in subsidized housing
128,630 (8.6%)Share of renter households
Renters not in subsidized housing
1,364,875 (91.4%)Share of renter households

Shelter costs

Median monthly shelter cost
$900All households, 2021
Average monthly shelter cost
$1,071All households, 2021
Owners, median
$1,070
Renters, median
$810
Owners with a mortgage, median
$1,450
Owners without a mortgage, median
$468
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter
595,690 (16.0%)Share of households
Owners spending 30% or more
222,075 (10.0%)Share of owner households
Renters spending 30% or more
373,615 (25.0%)Share of renter households
Shelter-cost ratio not applicable
14,370 (0.4%)

Monthly shelter cost

Published household counts by shelter-cost band. Census counts are randomly rounded, so the bands can differ slightly from the household total.

Less than $500
672,035(18.1%)
$500 to $749
745,245(20.0%)
$750 to $999
685,085(18.4%)
$1,000 to $1,249
466,150(12.5%)
$1,250 to $1,499
366,720(9.9%)
$1,500 to $1,999
448,340(12.0%)
$2,000 to $2,499
187,070(5.0%)
$2,500 to $2,999
78,405(2.1%)
$3,000 and over
71,930(1.9%)

Shelter cost is the census monthly amount. For owners it includes mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renters it includes rent and those utility payments when the tenant pays them. Current consumer prices are a separate series on the cost-of-living page. Data sources.

Population by city

172 municipalities in Quebec, largest first. Each name links to its full profile.

Population by city in Quebec
NamePopulationGrowth
Montréal1,762,949+3.4%
Québec549,459+3.3%
Laval438,366+3.6%
Gatineau291,041+5.4%
Longueuil254,483+6.1%
Sherbrooke172,950+7.2%
Lévis149,683+4.4%
Saguenay144,723-0.8%
Trois-Rivières139,163+3.5%
Terrebonne119,944+7.5%
Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu97,873+2.9%
Brossard91,525+6.8%
Repentigny86,100+2.2%
Drummondville79,258+5.1%
Granby69,025+4.2%
Mirabel61,108+21.0%
Blainville59,819+5.2%
Saint-Hyacinthe57,239+2.9%
Mascouche51,183+9.6%
Shawinigan49,620+0.5%
Rimouski48,935+0.6%
Dollard-Des Ormeaux48,403-1.0%
Victoriaville47,760+3.5%
Saint-Eustache45,276+2.9%
Vaudreuil-Dorion43,268+13.5%
Show all (147 more)
Remaining municipalities in Quebec by population
NamePopulationGrowth
Salaberry-de-Valleyfield42,787+5.0%
Rouyn-Noranda42,3130.0%
Boucherville41,743+0.2%
Sorel-Tracy35,165+1.2%
Pointe-Claire33,488+6.7%
Saint-Georges32,935+1.3%
Val-d'Or32,752+0.8%
Chambly31,444+8.0%
Alma30,331-1.4%
Sainte-Julie30,045+0.5%
Saint-Constant29,954+9.5%
Magog28,312+6.2%
Boisbriand28,308+5.3%
La Prairie26,406+9.5%
Saint-Bruno-de-Montarville26,273+0.3%
Thetford Mines26,072+2.6%
Beloeil24,104+7.3%
Saint-Lin--Laurentides24,030+15.6%
L'Assomption23,442+4.5%
Candiac22,997+9.3%
Saint-Lambert22,761+4.1%
Saint-Lazare22,354+12.2%
Joliette21,384+4.4%
Varennes21,198-0.3%
Mont-Royal20,953+3.3%
Baie-Comeau20,687-3.9%
Saint-Augustin-de-Desmaures19,907+5.8%
Sainte-Marthe-sur-le-Lac19,797+9.5%
Westmount19,658-3.2%
Kirkland19,413-3.7%
Dorval19,302+1.7%
Beaconsfield19,277-0.2%
Mont-Saint-Hilaire18,859+1.5%
Sainte-Sophie18,080+15.2%
Deux-Montagnes17,915+2.4%
Saint-Colomban17,740+10.7%
Sainte-Catherine17,347+1.8%
Saint-Basile-le-Grand17,0530.0%
L'Ancienne-Lorette16,970+2.6%
Saint-Charles-Borromée15,285+10.8%
Cowansville15,234+11.6%
Sainte-Anne-des-Plaines15,221+5.5%
Gaspé15,063+3.4%
Pincourt14,751+1.3%
Mercier14,626+11.5%
Lavaltrie14,425+5.6%
Mont-Laurier14,180+0.5%
Lachute14,100+9.6%
Matane13,987-2.3%
Dolbeau-Mistassini13,718-3.5%
Prévost13,692+5.3%
Beauharnois13,638+5.9%
Bécancour13,561+4.1%
Val-des-Monts13,328+15.1%
Saint-Amable13,322+9.5%
Sainte-Marie13,134-3.2%
Amos12,675-1.2%
Carignan11,740+24.1%
Rawdon11,719+6.0%
Saint-Sauveur11,580+13.2%
Cantley11,449+7.0%
Bromont11,357+25.6%
Marieville11,332+5.7%
Sainte-Agathe-des-Monts11,211+9.7%
Sainte-Julienne11,173+12.3%
La Tuque11,129+1.2%
Saint-Raymond11,108+7.2%
Montmagny10,999-2.3%
Mont-Tremblant10,992+14.0%
Saint-Hippolyte10,669+17.1%
Bois-des-Filion10,159+5.4%
Farnham10,149+13.9%
Pont-Rouge10,121+9.5%
Saint-Félicien10,089-1.5%
Roberval9,840-2.1%
Stoneham-et-Tewkesbury9,682+15.8%
Saint-Zotique9,618+21.2%
Lorraine9,502+1.6%
Contrecoeur9,480+20.2%
Notre-Dame-des-Prairies9,471+2.1%
Saint-Rémi8,957+11.1%
Coaticook8,867-1.0%
Nicolet8,620+5.5%
Otterburn Park8,479+0.7%
Sainte-Brigitte-de-Laval8,468+15.2%
Sainte-Catherine-de-la-Jacques-Cartier8,442+9.6%
Delson8,328+11.7%
La Malbaie8,235-0.4%
Boischatel8,231+8.5%
Lac-Beauport8,164+4.7%
Chelsea8,000+15.8%
Saint-Apollinaire7,968+30.4%
Rigaud7,854+1.0%
Acton Vale7,605-0.7%
Saint-Philippe7,597+20.2%
Chandler7,490-0.7%
Coteau-du-Lac7,473+6.1%
Donnacona7,436+3.3%
Baie-Saint-Paul7,371+3.1%
La Sarre7,358+1.0%
Louiseville7,340+2.6%
Shefford7,253+4.4%
Brownsburg-Chatham7,247+1.8%
Chibougamau7,233-3.6%
Val-des-Sources7,088+4.5%
Hampstead7,037+0.9%
Saint-Joseph-du-Lac7,031+5.1%
Saint-Félix-de-Valois6,975+10.6%
Saint-Lambert-de-Lauzon6,817+2.6%
Saint-Calixte6,792+12.3%
Saint-Paul6,566+11.5%
Port-Cartier6,516-4.2%
Shannon6,432+6.6%
Plessisville6,414-2.1%
Mont-Joli6,384+1.6%
Saint-Honoré6,376+10.8%
Charlemagne6,302+6.6%
Pointe-Calumet6,281-2.3%
Princeville6,218+3.6%
Beauceville6,185-1.7%
Pontiac6,142+5.0%
Notre-Dame-du-Mont-Carmel6,121+6.4%
Sainte-Anne-des-Monts6,121-4.9%
L'Ange-Gardien6,102+11.7%
Amqui5,999-2.9%
Saint-Césaire5,972+1.6%
McMasterville5,936+4.2%
Lac-Brome5,923+7.8%
Saint-Pie5,847+4.3%
Saint-Henri5,813+3.6%
Lac-Mégantic5,747+1.6%
Richelieu5,742+9.7%
Sainte-Martine5,664+3.7%
Les Coteaux5,643+5.1%
Val-David5,558+13.0%
Saint-Roch-de-l'Achigan5,453+5.9%
Hudson5,411+4.9%
Cookshire-Eaton5,344-0.9%
Chertsey5,295+12.8%
Windsor5,294-2.3%
Saint-Boniface5,156+6.7%
Lanoraie5,134+7.2%
Montréal-Ouest5,115+1.3%
Témiscouata-sur-le-Lac5,054+2.9%
Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue5,027+1.4%
Saint-Joseph-de-Beauce5,014+3.2%
Orford5,007+15.4%

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Data sources → Census profiles, housing tables, and consumer prices